closed-loop systems
nounUK /kləʊzd luːp ˈsɪstəmz/
US /kloʊzd luːp ˈsɪstəmz/
Closed-loop systems are systems that reuse their own waste or output so nothing is thrown away.
The space station uses closed-loop systems to turn astronauts' wastewater into clean drinking water.
OTHER MEANINGS
2. In engineering, systems where the output is fed back to adjust the input automatically.
A thermostat is part of a closed-loop system that keeps a room at a steady temperature.
3. In business, production processes where materials are reused rather than discarded.
The factory switched to closed-loop systems so scrap metal goes right back into manufacturing.
4. In ecology, natural cycles where nutrients are continually recycled within an ecosystem.
Forests are closed-loop systems where fallen leaves break down and feed the soil.